An iron alloy with titanium and iron as its principal components. It also contains impurities such as aluminum, silicon, carbon, sulfur, phosphorus and manganese. Used as steel deoxidizer, desulfurizer, degassing agent and alloying agent. According to the different titanium content, there are three main varieties: FeTi30(Ti25.0%-35.0%, Al<8.5%, Si<5.0%), FeTi40(Ti35.0%-45.0%, Al<9.5%, Si<4.0%) and FeTi70(Ti65%-75%, A10.5%-5%, Si<0.5%). In addition, there are a variety of titanium containing composite alloys such as Ti-Si-Fe, Ti-b-al-V, Ti-b-al-Cr, Ti-Al, Ni-Ti-Al, Ti-B-Al, Ti-Cr-Al, etc., used as titanium additives.
Titanium was discovered by W. Gregor in 1791 but was unnamed until M. H. Klaproth's discovery in 1795, when it was named "Titans". A. Rossi proposed the patent of electrothermic smelting of ferrotitanium in 1901. In 1937, the Soviet Union studied the process of smelting ferrotitanium by thermite. Since the mid-1950s, the production of 70%Ti ferrotitanium began due to the increase of waste titanium material. Industrial scale production of ferrotitanium by thermite process began in China in 1959 at Jinzhou Ferroalloy Plant.