Titanium has an atomic weight of 47.90. The outer electronic structure is 3d4s. Melting point 1667℃. The boiling point is 3285℃. Density (20℃)4.5g/cm3. The chemical properties of titanium are relatively active, and can form stable compounds with oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and carbon.
Ferrotitanium is used as deoxidizing agent, degassing agent and carbon sulfur stabilizer in steelmaking. Titanium deoxidation can reduce segregation in the upper part of ingot, improve the quality of steel and increase the yield of ingot. Titanium and nitrogen dissolved in liquid steel can be combined to form stable titanium nitride, which can eliminate the adverse effect of nitrogen on steel properties. Titanium and sulfur in liquid steel form titanium sulfide, which can eliminate the formation of iron sulfide that causes heat brittleness. Titanium and carbon form extremely stable titanium carbide, titanium carbide particles can prevent steel grain growth, refine the structure of steel, improve the strength of steel. The chemical affinity between titanium and carbon is greater than that between chromium and carbon. Adding ferrotitanium in stainless steel to fix carbon can eliminate the dilution phenomenon of chromium in the grain boundary of stainless steel and improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. In recent years, titanium has been used as a microalloyed element to produce high strength and low alloyed steel. The addition of titanium in cast iron is helpful to the generation of fine quartz ink, and also plays the role of degassing, breeding, purifying and refining the casting structure, so as to improve the wear resistance of castings. Adding titanium to heat resistant cast iron can improve the heat resistance of cast iron. In addition, superalloy and aluminum alloy production with titanium composite alloy as additives. The welding quality can be improved by using ferrotitanium as coating component.
Ferrotitanium is a kind of special alloy with a wide range of uses. It is added to steel as an alloying element in the process of steelmaking. It plays a role in refining the microstructure and grains, fixing the interstitial elements (C, N) and improving the strength of steel. In the smelting of stainless steel and heat-resistant steel, titanium and carbon combined into a stable compound, can prevent the formation of chromium carbide, thereby reducing intergranular corrosion, improve the welding performance of chromium nickel stainless steel. The product of titanium deoxidation is easy to float. The titanium deoxidation of the calm steel can reduce the segregation of the upper part of the ingot, so as to improve the quality of the ingot and increase the yield of the ingot. The titanium combines with the nitrogen dissolved in the molten steel to form a stable, insoluble titanium nitride. High titanium iron is an indispensable alloy material for smelting iron base superalloy and high quality stainless steel. With the improvement of steel quality and variety, the requirement of quality and variety of ferrotitanium is higher and higher. There is a great demand for high titanium iron containing high titanium in the international market, but our present ferroalloy factories generally only produce ordinary middle and low titanium iron. For w(Ti) = 65%~75%, w(Al) ≤4% of high titanium iron, few manufacturers formal production.